Glucosamine

Effects of diet on the outcomes of rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs): systematic review and meta-analyses informing the 2021 EULAR recommendations for lifestyle improvements in people with RMDs.

Gwinnutt JM, Wieczorek M, Rodríguez-Carrio J, Balanescu A, Bischoff-Ferrari HA, Boonen A · RMD open · 2022 · n=83

A EULAR taskforce was convened to develop recommendations for lifestyle behaviours in rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs). In this paper, the literature on the effect of diet on the progression of RMDs is reviewed. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses were performed of studies related to diet and disease outcomes in seven RMDs: osteoarthritis (OA), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus, axial spondyloarthritis, psoriatic arthritis, systemic sclerosis and gout. In the first phase, existing relevant systematic reviews and meta-analyses, published from 2013 to 2018, were identified. In the second phase, the review was expanded to include published original studies on diet in RMDs, with no restriction on publication date. Systematic reviews or original studies were included if they assessed a dietary exposure in one of the above RMDs, and reported results regarding progression of disease (eg, pain, function, joint damage). In total, 24 systematic reviews and 1

Dietary supplements for treating osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Liu X, Machado GC, Eyles JP, Ravi V, Hunter DJ · British journal of sports medicine · 2018

To investigate the efficacy and safety of dietary supplements for patients with osteoarthritis. An intervention systematic review with random effects meta-analysis and meta-regression. MEDLINE, EMBASE, Cochrane Register of Controlled Trials, Allied and Complementary Medicine and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature were searched from inception to April 2017. Randomised controlled trials comparing oral supplements with placebo for hand, hip or knee osteoarthritis. Of 20 supplements investigated in 69 eligible studies, 7 (collagen hydrolysate, passion fruit peel extract, Curcuma longa extract, Boswellia serrata extract, curcumin, pycnogenol and L-carnitine) demonstrated large (effect size >0.80) and clinically important effects for pain reduction at short term. Another six (undenatured type II collagen, avocado soybean unsaponifiables, methylsulfonylmethane, diacerein, glucosamine and chondroitin) revealed statistically significant improvements on pain, but wer

The Safety and Efficacy of Glucosamine and/or Chondroitin in Humans: A Systematic Review.

Baden KER, Hoeksema SL, Gibson N, Gadi DN, Craig E, Draime JA · Nutrients · 2025

Glucosamine and chondroitin are natural substances often used alone or in combination for conditions affecting the joints. Our objective was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of glucosamine and/or chondroitin supplementation in humans as well as to determine the common dosages used. A systematic review was conducted using PRISMA methodology. Searches were performed in PubMed and Web of Science and uploaded into Covidence where two independent researchers reviewed articles according to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Quality assessment was performed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool (MMAT). Of the 2013 articles screened, 146 studies were included in our review, with nearly 60% being randomized controlled trials and most conducted in Europe, Asia, or the U.S. Most studies focused on osteoarthritis and joint pain, with over 90% of efficacy studies reporting positive outcomes and most safety studies indicating minimal or no adverse effects. Glucosamine and chondroitin were most

Daily oral supplementation with collagen peptides combined with vitamins and other bioactive compounds improves skin elasticity and has a beneficial effect on joint and general wellbeing.

Czajka A, Kania EM, Genovese L, Corbo A, Merone G, Luci C · Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2018 · n=120

Aging is a multifactorial and natural process that causes physiological changes in organs, tissues and cells over time. In the skin and cartilage, aging leads to a decrease in the synthesis and changes in the arrangement of proteoglycans and collagen, in addition to the loss of glycosaminoglycans, which are responsible for the integrity and health of these tissues. We hypothesized that daily oral supplementation with a liquid nutraceutical containing hydrolyzed fish collagen, vitamins, antioxidants and other active ingredients could improve skin texture and elasticity, and in addition have a protective effect on joint health. A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 120 subjects who consumed either the test product or placebo on a daily basis for 90 days. Subjects consuming the test product had an overall significant increase in skin elasticity (+40%; P < .0001) when compared to placebo. Histological analysis of skin biopsie

Diet in Knee Osteoarthritis-Myths and Facts.

Kasprzyk N, Nandy S, Grygiel-Górniak B · Nutrients · 2025

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common degenerative joint disease affecting global health. Its increasing prevalence, particularly among aging populations, remains a leading cause of disability. Besides conventional pharmacological and surgical treatments, dietary interventions are promising strategies to alleviate OA symptoms and progression. Unfortunately, scientific evidence does not support many commonly used, misleading ideas about nutrition in knee OA. Recent data highlight the detrimental effects of high-carbohydrate and high-fat diets, particularly those rich in refined sugars and saturated fats, which exacerbate systemic inflammation and contribute to cartilage degradation. Conversely, diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids, polyphenols, and dietary fiber have shown anti-inflammatory and chondroprotective properties. A Mediterranean diet rich in these nutrients effectively prevents the development of OA and its comorbidities, including obesity and cardiovascular disease. The role of

Nutrition, osteoarthritis and cartilage metabolism.

Messina OD, Vidal Wilman M, Vidal Neira LF · Aging clinical and experimental research · 2019

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease and a leading cause of adult disability. There is no cure for OA and there is no effective treatment to stop its progression. Current pharmacologic treatments such as analgesics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs may improve the pain and offer some relief but they do not affect the progression of the disease. The chronic intake of these drugs may result in severe adverse events. The aim of this review is to revise the effects of nutrition on cartilage metabolism and OA progression. A systematic literature search was performed including those related to macro- and micro-nutrients' actions on cartilage and OA outcome. We selected peer-reviewed articles reporting the results of human clinical trials. Glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate have shown to delay OA knee progression in several clinical trials. The effectiveness of some products considered nutraceuticals has been widely reviewed in the literature. This article presents a

Systemic drugs with impact on osteoarthritis.

Apostu D, Lucaciu O, Mester A, Oltean-Dan D, Baciut M, Baciut G · Drug metabolism reviews · 2019

Articular cartilage has a complex structure and metabolism which allow for a proper movement within joints. Nevertheless, several systemically administered pharmacological agents have been proved to improve the anabolic response in the case of cartilage lesions. Alendronate, glucosamine, chondroitin sulfate, hyaluronic acid, collagen hydrolysate, vitamin C, vitamin D, aspirin and strontium ranelate have shown positive results in clinical trials. On the other hand, calcitonin, risedronate, doxycycline, and celecoxib did not slow the progression of cartilage lesions in clinical trials. Other systemic drugs or supplements such as teriparatide, leptin, zoledronic acid, bevacizumab, atorvastatin, omega-3 fatty acid, naringin, MSM, selenium, zinc, magnesium, resveratrol, donepezil, naproxen, etodolac, ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), lithium chloride, and rebamipide showed positive results in in vitro and animal studies but clinical trials are needed to confirm the positive impact on cartil

Pentoxifylline Effect on Renal Function, Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Fibrosis Markers, and Quality of Life in Patients With Diabetic Nephropathy

n=196 · NCT03664414 · UNKNOWN · UNKNOWN

One of the purposes of the management of the patient with chronic kidney disease (CKD)is to slow the decline of renal function. The mechanisms by which the renal function declines involve inflammatory and fibrotic responses due in part by the effects of oxidative stress. Pentoxifylline (PTX)is a drug that stimulates adenosine receptors, and produces inhibition of phosphodiesterases, as well as being a dopaminergic modulator through D1 and D2 receptors. Its main effects are inhibition of the inflammatory state by decreasing serum levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-ɒ) and monocyte chemo attractant protein 1 (MCP\_1), which may slow down the decline of renal function. It also produces diminish of sympathetic activity, with the reduction of circulating levels of norepinephrine (NA), which may contribute to the reduction of glomerulosclerosis in diabetic patients. In the connective tissue increases the activity of the collagenases and decrease of collagen, fibronectin and glucosamine of the fibroblasts as well as inhibition of oxygen free radicals. Due to its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effects, PTX can result in an excellent therapeutic option for the prevention of CKD in DM2. This work proposes the use of pentoxifylline as treatment CKD in DM2. Its application in patients with CKD will allow a therapeutic management with different targets, for its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic effects that will be evaluated by means of fibrosis, inflammation and oxidative stress markers. The results will be of great importance in clinical practice, since they will justify the use of a new pharmacological tool, already known, with minimal adverse effects and low cost, accessible to all strata of the population since it is found as generic.

A Research on The Effects of Intra-articular Viscosupplement Application Containing Hyaluronic Acid, Chondroitin Sulfate and Glucosamine Compounds on the Isokinetic Muscle Test Values of Patients With 40-65 Years of Knee Osteoarthritis

n=15 · NCT03913052 · UNKNOWN · UNKNOWN

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the common diseases which causes pain and disability with increasing age. In developed countries, it is said to be one of the ten diseases which decreases functionality most.