Choline

The effects of 3-month supplementation with synbiotic on patient-reported outcomes, exercise tolerance, and brain and muscle metabolism in adult patients with post-COVID-19 chronic fatigue syndrome (STOP-FATIGUE): a randomized Placebo-controlled clinical trial.

Ranisavljev M, Stajer V, Todorovic N, Ostojic J, Cvejic JH, Steinert RE · European journal of nutrition · 2024

Considering the observed gastrointestinal issues linked to post-COVID-19 myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS), beneficially modulating the gut microbiota could offer a safe, cost-effective nutritional strategy. This trial aimed to evaluate the effects of medium-term synbiotic supplementation on patient-reported outcomes, exercise tolerance, and tissue metabolism in patients with post-COVID-19 ME/CFS. Between September 2022 and December 2023, we investigated the impact of 3-month supplementation with a synbiotic mixture including L. rhamnosus DSM 32550, Humiome® L. plantarum DSM 34532, B. lactis DSM 32269, B. longum DSM 32946, fructooligosaccharides and zinc, on predetermined primary and secondary outcome measures in twenty six post-COVID-19 ME/CFS patients utilizing a parallel-group, randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind design. Both the synbiotic and placebo intake resulted in a significant reduction in general fatigue after 3 months compared

Pathogenesis and Management of Intestinal Failure-Associated Liver Disease.

Abi-Aad SJ, Lovell M, Khalaf RT, Sokol RJ · Seminars in liver disease · 2025

Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) has considerably improved the management of intestinal failure (IF) in children and adults, particularly those with short bowel syndrome; however, it carries a significant risk of hepatotoxicity, specifically, intestinal failure-associated liver disease (IFALD), also known as PN-associated liver disease. This review provides an update on the latest understanding of IFALD pathogenesis, emerging therapies, and ongoing challenges in the management of this complication. A number of factors are associated with the development of IFALD. PN lipid emulsions, phytosterol exposure, bacterial dysbiosis, an altered gut-liver axis, and episodes of sepsis disrupt bile acid homeostasis and promote liver inflammation in the active phase of IFALD, favoring the development of PN-associated cholestasis (PNAC) and the more chronic form of steatohepatitis with fibrosis. Based on the identification of pathophysiological pathways, potential therapies are being studied in p

Selected Lipidome Components and Their Association with Perinatal Depression.

Ładno D, Nowak B, Palka A, Strzelecki D, Gawlik-Kotelnicka O · Nutrients · 2025

Background/Objectives: Perinatal depression affects approximately 21% of pregnant women and 15% postpartum, significantly impacting both maternal and child health. Lipid metabolism alterations, particularly involving fatty acids and lecithin, have been associated with mood disorders during the perinatal period. Omega-3 PUFAs (polyunsaturated fatty acids) play a key role in mood regulation and neuroinflammatory processes, while lecithin significantly influences neurotransmitter synthesis. Methods: A narrative review was conducted using PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar for relevant articles which were qualitatively analyzed. Most of the literature included was published between 2020 and 2025 with selected earlier studies used, primarily, to outline the theoretical background. Results: This narrative review highlights substantial evidence linking components of lipidome, particularly omega-3 fatty acids and lecithin, and the occurrence of perinatal depression. Omega-3 deficiency increases

Dietary choline and betaine intake minimally impacts rate of annualized cognitive performance throughout the menopause transition: data from the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation.

Cowan-Pyle AE, Wallace TC, Klatt KC, Slavin M, Bailey RL · Menopause (New York, N.Y.) · 2024

Dietary choline is associated with lower risk of dementia in older adults, yet this association during mid-life remains unknown. Given that menopause reflects a nutrition-sensitive time point where prevention strategies may mitigate cognitive deficits, we examined the relationship of choline, betaine, and egg intakes (ie, dietary exposures) with cognitive performance in the Study of Women's Health Across the Nation (SWAN) cohort ( N = 1,006). SWAN is a longitudinal study of women across the menopause transition. Diet was assessed via modified Block food frequency questionnaire, and cognitive function was examined using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, Digits Backward Test, and East Boston Memory Test (EBMT). Annualized rate of cognitive scores and quartiles of diet were computed using linear mixed models overall (all diet exposures) and by baseline menopausal status (choline, betaine only). Among all women, higher choline ( P -for-trend = 0.006) and betaine ( P -for-trend = 0.005) i

Somatic loss-of-function mutations in CIDEB reduce hepatic steatosis by increasing lipolysis and fatty acid oxidation.

Zeng Q, Patel S, Wang X, Hsieh MH, Li Z, Ren X · Journal of hepatology · 2026

Somatic and germline CIDEB mutations are associated with protection from chronic liver diseases. The mechanistic basis and whether CIDEB suppression would be an effective therapy against fatty liver disease remain unclear. Twenty-one CIDEB somatic mutations were introduced into cells to assess functionality. In vivo screening was used to trace Cideb mutant clones in mice fed normal chow, western diet (WD), and choline-deficient, L-amino acid-defined, high-fat diet (CDA-HFD). Constitutive and conditional Cideb knockout mice were generated to study Cideb in liver disease. Isotope tracing was used to evaluate fatty acid oxidation and de novo lipogenesis. Transcriptomics, lipidomics, and metabolic analyses were utilized to explore molecular mechanisms. Double knockout models (Cideb/Atgl and Cideb/Pparα) tested mechanisms underlying Cideb loss. Most CIDEB mutations impaired function, and loss-of-function clones were positively selected under CDA-HFD but not all steatogenic diets. Ci

An unbiased ranking of murine dietary models based on their proximity to human metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).

Vacca M, Kamzolas I, Harder LM, Oakley F, Trautwein C, Hatting M · Nature metabolism · 2024

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), previously known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, encompasses steatosis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), leading to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Preclinical MASLD research is mainly performed in rodents; however, the model that best recapitulates human disease is yet to be defined. We conducted a wide-ranging retrospective review (metabolic phenotype, liver histopathology, transcriptome benchmarked against humans) of murine models (mostly male) and ranked them using an unbiased MASLD 'human proximity score' to define their metabolic relevance and ability to induce MASH-fibrosis. Here, we show that Western diets align closely with human MASH; high cholesterol content, extended study duration and/or genetic manipulation of disease-promoting pathways are required to intensify liver damage and accelerate significant (F2+) fibrosis development. Choline-deficient models rapidly induc

NUP85 alleviates lipid metabolism and inflammation by regulating PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Wu YC, Yan Q, Yue SQ, Pan LX, Yang DS, Tao LS · International journal of biological sciences · 2024

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the common causes of chronic liver disease in the world. The problem of NAFLD had become increasingly prominent. However, its pathogenesis is still indistinct. As we all know, NAFLD begins with the accumulation of triglyceride (TG), leading to fatty degeneration, inflammation and other liver tissues damage. Notably, structure of nucleoporin 85 (NUP85) is related to lipid metabolism and inflammation of liver diseases. In this study, the results of researches indicated that NUP85 played a critical role in NAFLD. Firstly, the expression level of NUP85 in methionine-choline-deficient (MCD)-induced mice increased distinctly, as well as the levels of fat disorder and inflammation. On the contrary, knockdown of NUP85 had the opposite effects. In vitro, AML-12 cells were stimulated with 2 mm free fatty acids (FFA) for 24 h. Results also proved that NUP85 significantly increased in model group, and increased lipid accumulation and inflammation

Choline Fact Sheet for Health Professionals

NIH ODS

This fact sheet from the National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements, provides comprehensive information on choline, including its function, recommended intakes, sources, deficiency effects, and potential health benefits and risks. It serves as a reliable source for health professionals regarding choline's role in health.

Cracking the Egg Potential: Improving Young Child Nutrition in Ecuador

n=171 · NCT02446873 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

The proposed study will fill an important gap in the literature by examining, through a randomized controlled trial, the effect of egg consumption on biochemical markers of choline, vitamin B-12, lipids, and amino acids in young children in a poor rural area of Ecuador. Children from Cotopaxi Province, Ecuador (n=180) will be randomized into one of two groups: 1) intervention, receiving one egg per day for six months; or 2) control. Baseline and endline data on socio-economic factors, and child diet, morbidities, and anthropometry will be collected. Blood will also be drawn from the children at these time points for nutrient biomarker analyses. Through qualitative research the proposed study will provide insight into the attitudes, beliefs, and use of eggs by mothers and other caregivers during the complementary feeding period. The University of San Francisco in Quito (USFQ) will be the lead field coordinator of the research working in partnership with Washington University in St. Louis, Pan-American Health Organization (PAHO) and University of California, Davis.

Diagnostic Value of 18F-Choline PET/CT in Patients With a Thyroid Nodule With an Indeterminate Cytology: Pilot Study

n=107 · NCT02784223 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

The purpose of the study is to investigate the contribution of PET-CT with F18-choline in the diagnosis of thyroid nodule with indeterminate cytology in order to guide the best indication of surgical resection.

Botulinum Toxin for Treatment of Seborrhic Dermatitis in Parkinsonian Patients

n=40 · NCT00767546 · UNKNOWN · UNKNOWN

There's high incidence of seborrhic dermatitis among patients suffering from Parkinson's disease. Seborrhic dermatitis is caused by increased exertion of sebaceous glands. Previous studies have shown an increase of sebum excretion rate in parkinsonian pateints. Other studies demonstrated improvement in seborrhic dermatitis after anticholinergic treatment. From these studies we concluded that there might be hyperactivity of the parasympathetic system among PD patients, that cause increased exertion of sebum, therefore local injection of botulinium toxin, which inhibitis acetyl choline realese, might improve the rash of seborrhic dermatitis. 40 patients suffering from Parkinson disease or other parkinsonian disorders will participate in this study. Before treating the patients with botulinium toxin, we will measure the sebum exertion with the sebumeter device and make clinical evaluation of the rash. We will also take a picture of the rash. Then Botulinium toxin (60- 100 units) will be locally injected to the rash area. Two weeks after the injection the patients will be called and evaluated clinicly and by the sebumeter. Then they will be checked again after 3 weeks, after a month and after two, three and four month's.