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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

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Last reviewed June 12, 2026 · AI-assisted, human-reviewed

Overview

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a condition characterized by excess fat accumulation in the liver cells, not caused by heavy alcohol consumption, and can range from simple fatty liver to more severe forms like NASH.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a common condition where too much fat is stored in liver cells. It is not caused by excessive alcohol use. NAFLD is considered a spectrum of liver conditions, ranging from simple fatty liver (steatosis), which is generally benign, to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). NASH is a more serious form of NAFLD characterized by liver inflammation and cell damage, in addition to fat, and can lead to fibrosis, cirrhosis, and, in some cases, liver cancer or liver failure. The progression of NAFLD is often slow, and many individuals with simple fatty liver may never develop NASH. However, for those who do progress to NASH, the risk of severe liver complications increases significantly. NAFLD is closely associated with metabolic syndrome, including conditions like obesity, type 2 diabetes, insulin resistance, and high cholesterol or triglycerides. Lifestyle modifications, particularly diet and exercise, are considered the cornerstone of management for NAFLD.
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When to seek urgent medical care

  • Persistent or worsening abdominal pain
  • Yellowing of skin or eyes (jaundice)
  • Dark urine or pale stools
  • Swelling in the legs or ankles
  • Easy bruising or bleeding
  • Confusion or disorientation
  • Severe fatigue or weakness

Common symptoms

  • Fatigue
  • Dull ache in upper right abdomen
  • General malaise
  • Unexplained weight loss (advanced stages)
  • Jaundice (advanced stages)
  • Swelling in legs (advanced stages)
  • Confusion (advanced stages)

Possible contributors

  • Obesity
  • Insulin resistance
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • High cholesterol
  • High triglycerides
  • Metabolic syndrome
  • Rapid weight loss
  • Certain medications
  • Genetic factors

Labs to discuss with your clinician

  • Liver function tests (ALT, AST)
  • Fasting glucose/HbA1c
  • Lipid panel (cholesterol, triglycerides)
  • Insulin levels
  • FibroScan (transient elastography)
  • Liver biopsy (if indicated)

All Remedies

Ranked by community outcomes, then evidence grade, Health Voice mentions, and recency.

Remedies

#1GingerEvidence · Grade ASafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Ginger may help manage NAFLD by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver, potentially improving liver enzyme levels and decreasing fat accumulation.

#2TUDCASafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): TUDCA may help with NAFLD by improving bile flow and reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress in hepatocytes, which can protect liver cells and decrease fat accumulation.

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Artichoke Extract may help with NAFLD by stimulating bile production and flow, which aids in fat digestion and reduces lipid accumulation in the liver.

Emerging Research

#1ExerciseEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Exercise can improve NAFLD by reducing hepatic fat accumulation, improving insulin sensitivity, and decreasing inflammation, thereby directly addressing key pathological features of the disease.

#2BerberineEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Berberine may help with NAFLD by improving insulin sensitivity, reducing hepatic lipid synthesis, and decreasing inflammation, thereby mitigating fat accumulation in the liver.

Typical dose
500-1500 mg/day
Mechanism
May improve insulin sensitivity, reduce liver fat accumulation, and improve lipid profiles.
Notes
Can interact with medications; consult a healthcare provider.
Evidence
limited
#3Vitamin EEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Vitamin E is a fat-soluble antioxidant that may help protect cells from oxidative damage, with potential applications in conditions like Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and skin health.

Typical dose
800 IU/day (alpha-tocopherol)
Mechanism
Antioxidant properties may reduce oxidative stress and inflammation in the liver.
Notes
Specific for NASH in non-diabetic adults. Discuss with a doctor due to potential risks at high doses.
Evidence
moderate
#4Milk ThistleEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Milk Thistle, specifically silymarin, may help with NAFLD by providing antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, protecting liver cells from damage and reducing fat accumulation.

Typical dose
200-400 mg silymarin/day
Mechanism
Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, may support liver cell regeneration.
Notes
Standardized extract of silymarin is often used. Generally well-tolerated.
Evidence
limited
#5Algal OilEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Algal oil, rich in DHA and EPA, may help with NAFLD by reducing hepatic fat accumulation, improving insulin sensitivity, and decreasing inflammation in the liver.

#6Omega-3 Fatty AcidsEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Omega-3 fatty acids, particularly EPA and DHA, may help with NAFLD by reducing hepatic fat accumulation, improving insulin sensitivity, and decreasing inflammation in the liver.

Typical dose
1-4 grams/day EPA+DHA
Mechanism
May reduce liver fat and inflammation, improve lipid profiles.
Notes
Consider fish oil or algal oil. May interact with blood thinners.
Evidence
moderate
#7CholineEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Choline is essential for very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) synthesis, and adequate intake helps prevent fat accumulation in the liver, thereby mitigating the progression of NAFLD.

Typical dose
500-1000 mg/day
Mechanism
Essential for fat metabolism and transport, may prevent fat accumulation in the liver.
Notes
Dietary intake is often sufficient, but supplementation may be considered in some cases.
Evidence
limited
#8TurmericEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Turmeric may help with NAFLD by reducing inflammation and oxidative stress in the liver, potentially improving liver function and decreasing fat accumulation.

#9N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC)Evidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) may help with NAFLD by increasing glutathione levels, thereby enhancing antioxidant defenses and reducing oxidative stress in the liver, which contributes to disease progression.

Typical dose
600-1800 mg/day
Mechanism
Precursor to glutathione, a powerful antioxidant, may reduce oxidative stress.
Notes
May improve liver enzyme levels in some studies.
Evidence
limited
#10Dandelion RootEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Dandelion Root may help with NAFLD by promoting bile flow and acting as a diuretic, potentially aiding in liver detoxification and reducing fat accumulation.

#11Green TeaEvidence · Grade DSafety: watchView remedy

Why it may help Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Green Tea may help manage NAFLD by improving lipid metabolism, reducing oxidative stress, and decreasing inflammation in the liver, which can lead to reduced fat accumulation.

Community outcomes

What people report for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

Self-reported by community members · not medical advice.

What people report for this condition

Self-reported community outcomes. Not medical advice. Requires at least three reports per remedy to surface.

Community outcome data is still being collected for this ailment.

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People Like Me insights

As more members share outcomes, RemedyAtlas will show which remedies helped people with similar conditions, symptoms, goals, and lab patterns.

Community discussion

Structured experience reports from people managing this condition. Not medical advice.

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Community Discussions

What people say about Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD)

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Lifestyle foundations

  • Achieve and maintain a healthy weight
  • Regular physical activity
  • Balanced diet
  • Limit sugary drinks and processed foods
  • Manage underlying health conditions
  • Avoid excessive alcohol consumption

Dietary recommendations

  • Mediterranean diet
  • Low-glycemic diet
  • Anti-inflammatory diet
  • Limit refined carbohydrates
  • Increase omega-3 rich foods
  • High-fiber intake
  • Reduce saturated and trans fats
  • Avoid sugary beverages
  • Portion control

Lifestyle interventions

  • Moderate-intensity aerobic exercise 150-300 min/week
  • Resistance training 2-3x/week (full body)
  • Achieve 7-9 hours of quality sleep nightly
  • Stress reduction techniques (e.g., meditation, yoga) daily
  • Gradual weight loss (5-10% of body weight)
  • Limit sedentary behavior

Evidence at a glance

Moderate Evidence

Omega-3 Fatty AcidsVitamin EExerciseWeight loss

Traditional Use

Milk ThistleDandelion RootArtichoke ExtractGinger

International evidence & guidelines

How global health authorities view Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD).

The World Health Organization (WHO) and National Institutes of Health (NIH) emphasize lifestyle modifications, including diet and exercise, as primary interventions for NAFLD. The Mayo Clinic also highlights weight loss, healthy eating, and physical activity as crucial. While some natural remedies like Vitamin E and Omega-3s have shown promise in research, particularly for NASH, major health bodies generally recommend them as adjunctive therapies and stress the importance of discussing their use with a healthcare provider due to potential side effects or interactions. NCCIH notes that while some herbal remedies are used traditionally, more rigorous scientific evidence is needed to confirm their efficacy and safety for NAFLD.

Evidence ecosystem

Indexed studies for Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD), grouped by source type and quality.

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Meta-Analyses(23)

Pooled analyses across multiple human trials.

Very High Quality
  • A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials: effects of mediterranean diet and low-fat diet on liver enzymes and liver fat content of NAFLD.

    Xiong Y, Shi X, Xiong X, Li S, Zhao H, Song H · Food & function · 2024

    Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has emerged as a leading cause of several chronic diseases, imposing a significant global economic burden. The Mediterranean diet (MD) and low-fat diet (LFD) are the two primary recommended dietary patterns that exhibit distinct positive effects on treating NAFLD. Objective: To investigate which of the two diets, MD and LFD, is more effective in the treatment of NAFLD. Methods: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to April 2024 were searched for in PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Scopus and Embase. Interventions included MD or LFD, with primary outcome measures being intrahepatic lipid, liver stiffness, triglycerides, total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Secondary outcomes included weight, waist circumference, and body mass index. Use of random effects meta-analysis

    Meta-AnalysisPubMedVery High Quality
  • Efficacy of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on liver enzymes, lipid profiles, and inflammation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

    Pan Y, Yang Y, Wu J, Zhou H, Yang C · BMC gastroenterology · 2024

    There is a contradiction in the use of microbiota-therapies, including probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics, to improve the condition of patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The aim of this review was to evaluate the effect of microbiota-therapy on liver injury, inflammation, and lipid levels in individuals with NAFLD. Using Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles on the use of prebiotic, probiotic, or synbiotic for the treatment of patients with NAFLD up to March 2024. Thirty-four studies involving 12,682 individuals were included. Meta-analysis indicated that probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic supplementation significantly improved liver injury (hepatic fibrosis, SMD = -0.31; 95% CI: -0.53, -0.09; aspartate aminotransferase, SMD = -0.35; 95% CI: -0.55, -0.15; alanine aminotransferase, SMD = -0.48; 95% CI: -0.71, -0.25; alkaline phosphatase, SMD = -0.81; 95% CI: -1.55, -0.08), lipid profiles (triglycerides, SMD

    Meta-AnalysisPubMedVery High Quality
  • The effect of synbiotics on liver enzymes, obesity indices, blood pressure, lipid profile, and inflammation in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

    Musazadeh V, Assadian K, Rajabi F, Faghfouri AH, Soleymani Y, Kavyani Z · Pharmacological research · 2024

    Patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) benefit from using synbiotics. However, findings from existing trials remain contentious. Therefore, this meta-analysis evaluated the effects of synbiotics on liver enzymes, blood pressure, inflammation, and lipid profiles in patients with NAFLD. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Scopus, and Web of Science for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) regarding synbiotics supplementation in patients with NAFLD. The meta-analysis revealed that synbiotics supplementation significantly improved liver enzymes (AST, WMD: -9.12 IU/L; 95 % CI: -13.19 to -5.05; ALT, WMD: -8.53 IU/L; 95 % CI: -15.07 to -1.99; GGT, WMD: -10.42 IU/L; 95 % CI: -15.19 to -5.65), lipid profile (TC, WMD: -7.74 mg/dL; 95 % CI: -12.56 to -2.92), obesity indices (body weight, WMD: -1.95 kg; 95 % CI: -3.69 to -0.22; WC, WMD: -1.40 cm; 95 % CI: -2.71 to -0.10), systolic blood pressure (SBP, WMD: -6.00&#x2

    Meta-AnalysisPubMedVery High Quality

Systematic Reviews(3)

Structured reviews of the full body of evidence (incl. Cochrane).

Very High Quality
  • Association between Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Mediterranean Lifestyle: A Systematic Review.

    Mascaró CM, Bouzas C, Tur JA · Nutrients · 2021

    Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an excessive accumulation of fat in the liver without alcohol abuse. It is linked to metabolic syndrome (MetS) and no pharmacological treatment exists. This systematic review aims to assess evidence about the effect of Mediterranean lifestyle on the prevention and reversion of NAFLD. A systematic literature search was performed in MEDLINE via Pubmed. MeSH terms used were: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [MeSH Major Topic] AND metabolic syndrome [MeSH Term] AND (Diet, Mediterranean [MeSH Term]) OR (Exercise [MeSH Term]). (PROSPERO ID: 2021 CRD42021289495). Thirteen articles were selected and divided into two categories (four focused on Mediterranean diet and NAFLD and nine focused on Mediterranean diet, physical activity, and NAFLD). Information of clinical endpoints was based on NAFLD, as well as MetS, body mass index, fasting glycemia, obesity, cholesterol, triglycerides, transaminases, albuminuria, and hepatic steatosis, among others.

    Systematic ReviewPubMedVery High Quality
  • Inositol and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review on Deficiencies and Supplementation.

    Pani A, Giossi R, Menichelli D, Fittipaldo VA, Agnelli F, Inglese E · Nutrients · 2020

    Liver lipid accumulation is a hallmark of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), broadly associated with insulin resistance. Inositols (INS) are ubiquitous polyols implied in many physiological functions. They are produced endogenously, are present in many foods and in dietary supplements. Alterations in INS metabolism seems to play a role in diseases involving insulin resistance such as diabetes and polycystic ovary syndrome. Given its role in other metabolic syndromes, the hypothesis of an INS role as a supplement in NAFLD is intriguing. We performed a systematic review of the literature to find preclinical and clinical evidence of INS supplementation efficacy in NAFLD patients. We retrieved 10 studies on animal models assessing Myoinosiol or Pinitol deficiency or supplementation and one human randomized controlled trial (RCT). Overall, INS deficiency was associated with increased fatty liver in animals. Conversely, INS supplementation in animal models of fatty liver reduced hepa

    Systematic ReviewPubMedVery High Quality
  • Aerobic vs. resistance exercise in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A systematic review.

    Hashida R, Kawaguchi T, Bekki M, Omoto M, Matsuse H, Nago T · Journal of hepatology · 2017

    Exercise is a first-line therapy for patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). We sought to: 1) summarize effective aerobic and resistance exercise protocols for NAFLD; and 2) compare the effects and energy consumption of aerobic and resistance exercises. A literature search was performed using PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopas to January 28, 2016. From a total of 95 articles, 23 studies including 24 aerobic and 7 resistance exercise protocols were selected for the summary of exercise protocols. Twelve articles including 13 aerobic and 4 resistance exercise protocols were selected for the comparative analysis. For aerobic exercise, the median effective protocol was 4.8 metabolic equivalents (METs) for 40min/session, 3times/week for 12weeks. For resistance exercise, the median effective protocol was 3.5 METs for 45min/session, 3times/week for 12weeks. Aerobic and resistance exercise improved hepatic steatosis. No significant difference was seen in the duration, frequen

    Systematic ReviewPubMedVery High Quality

Randomized Human Trials(3)

Controlled human studies with random assignment.

High Quality
  • Camu-camu decreases hepatic steatosis and liver injury markers in overweight, hypertriglyceridemic individuals: A randomized crossover trial.

    Agrinier AL, Morissette A, Daoust L, Gignac T, Marois J, Varin TV · Cell reports. Medicine · 2024 · n=30

    Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) affects 25% of the adult population with no effective drug treatments available. Previous animal studies reported that a polyphenol-rich extract from the Amazonian berry camu-camu (CC) prevented hepatic steatosis in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. This study aims to determine the impact of CC on hepatic steatosis (primary outcome) and evaluate changes in metabolic and gut microbiota profiles (exploratory outcomes). A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled crossover trial is conducted on 30 adults with overweight and hypertriglyceridemia, who consume 1.5 g of CC capsules or placebo daily for 12 weeks. CC treatment decreases liver fat by 7.43%, while it increases by 8.42% during the placebo intervention, showing a significant difference of 15.85%. CC decreases plasma aspartate and alanine aminotransferases levels and promotes changes in gut microbiota composition. These findings support that polyphenol-rich prebiotic may re

    Randomized TrialPubMedHigh Quality
  • Effect of alternate day fasting combined with aerobic exercise on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: A randomized controlled trial.

    Ezpeleta M, Gabel K, Cienfuegos S, Kalam F, Lin S, Pavlou V · Cell metabolism · 2023

    Innovative non-pharmacological lifestyle strategies to treat non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are critically needed. This study compared the effects of alternate day fasting (ADF) combined with exercise to fasting alone, or exercise alone, on intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content. Adults with obesity and NAFLD (n = 80, 81% female, age: 23-65 years) were randomized to 1 of 4 groups for 3 months: combination of ADF (600 kcal/2,500 kJ "fast day" alternated with an ad libitum intake "feast day") and moderate-intensity aerobic exercise (5 session per week, 60 min/session); ADF alone; exercise alone; or a no-intervention control group. By month 3, IHTG content was significantly reduced in the combination group (-5.48%; 95% CI, -7.77% to -3.18%), compared with the exercise group (-1.30%; 95% CI, -3.80% to 1.20%; p = 0.02) and the control group (-0.17%; 95% CI, -2.17% to 1.83%; p < 0.01) but was not significantly different versus the ADF g

    Randomized TrialPubMedHigh Quality
  • Effect of a Six-Month Lifestyle Intervention on the Physical Activity and Fitness Status of Adults with NAFLD and Metabolic Syndrome.

    Mascaró CM, Bouzas C, Montemayor S, Casares M, Llompart I, Ugarriza L · Nutrients · 2022 · n=155

    (1) Background: Physical inactivity has been linked to NAFLD, and exercise has been reported as useful to reduce intrahepatic fat content in NAFLD. (2) Objectives: To assess the physical activity (PA) and fitness status after a six-month lifestyle intervention (diet and PA) in adults with NAFLD and metabolic syndrome (MetS). (3) Design: Prospective cohort analysis of data obtained between baseline and six-year parallel-group randomized trial (n = 155, aged 40-60 years old, with MetS and NAFLD). Participants were randomized into three nutritional and PA intervention groups: Conventional diet (CD); MedDiet-high meal frequency (MD-HMF); MedDiet-physical activity (MD-PA). (4) Methods: PA and fitness status were assessed using a validated Minnesota questionnaire, ALPHA-FIT test battery, accelerometers, and functional fitness score. Information related to age, gender, education level, marital status, socioeconomic status, smoking habit, and alcohol consumption were also obtained. (5) Results

    Randomized TrialPubMedHigh Quality

Observational Studies(13)

Cohort, case-control, and cross-sectional human studies.

Moderate Quality
  • Impact of flaxseed supplementation on lipid profile and liver enzymes in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

    Ahmed DH, Fateh HL · Prostaglandins & other lipid mediators · 2024

    Since the effects of flaxseed supplementation on lipid profile and liver enzymes are still controversial, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was conducted in the present study to assess the effect of flaxseed supplementation on lipid profile and liver enzymes. The study was designed, conducted, and reported according to the guidelines of the 2020 preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analysis (PRISMA) statement. A systematic and comprehensive search was performed in several databases from inception up to January 10, 2024. The meta-analysis on the impact of flaxseed supplementation on lipid profile and liver enzymes indicates that the overall effect of flaxseed supplementation on triglycerides, combining different doses, revealed a significant reduction with a WMD of - 230.72 (-53.95, - 27.49) and a P-value of 0.010. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) demonstrated a positive effect, with an overall WMD of 1.82 (0.27, 3.38) and a P-value of 0.02

    Observational StudyPubMedLow Quality
  • Curcumin effects on glycaemic indices, lipid profile, blood pressure, inflammatory markers and anthropometric measurements of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

    Ebrahimzadeh A, Mohseni S, Safargar M, Mohtashamian A, Niknam S, Bakhoda M · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2024 · n=1191

    Curcumin has antioxidant properties and has been proposed as a potential treatment for NAFLD. The aim of current systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate previous findings for the effect of curcumin supplementation on glycaemic indices, lipid profile, blood pressure, inflammatory markers, and anthropometric measurements of NAFLD patients. Relevant studies published up to January 2024 were searched systematically using the following databases: PubMed, SCOPUS, WOS, Science Direct, Ovid and Cochrane. The systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted according to the 2020 PRISMA guidelines. The quality of the papers was assessed the using the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. Pooled effect sizes were calculated using a random-effects model and reported as the WMD and 95% CI. Also, subgroup analyses were done to find probable sources of heterogeneity among studies. Out of 21010 records initially identified, 21 eligible RCTs were selected for inclu

    Observational StudyPubMedLow Quality
  • Epigenetic regulation in metabolic diseases: mechanisms and advances in clinical study.

    Wu YL, Lin ZJ, Li CC, Lin X, Shan SK, Guo B · Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2023

    Epigenetics regulates gene expression and has been confirmed to play a critical role in a variety of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), osteoporosis, gout, hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism and others. The term 'epigenetics' was firstly proposed in 1942 and with the development of technologies, the exploration of epigenetics has made great progresses. There are four main epigenetic mechanisms, including DNA methylation, histone modification, chromatin remodelling, and noncoding RNA (ncRNA), which exert different effects on metabolic diseases. Genetic and non-genetic factors, including ageing, diet, and exercise, interact with epigenetics and jointly affect the formation of a phenotype. Understanding epigenetics could be applied to diagnosing and treating metabolic diseases in the clinic, including epigenetic biomarkers, epigenetic drugs, and epigenetic editing. In this review, we introduce the brief history of epigenetics as well as

    Observational StudyPubMedLow Quality

Government Health Sources(2)

Public-health agencies: NCCIH, NIH, CDC, NHS.

High Quality
  • Vitamin E - Health Professional Fact Sheet

    NIH ODS

    This fact sheet from the NIH Office of Dietary Supplements provides detailed, evidence-based information on Vitamin E, including its physiological roles, dietary sources, intake recommendations, and potential health effects, which may touch upon its use in liver conditions.

    Government SourceNIH ODSHigh Quality
  • Choline Fact Sheet for Health Professionals

    NIH ODS

    This fact sheet from the National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements, provides comprehensive information on choline, including its function, recommended intakes, sources, deficiency effects, and potential health benefits and risks. It serves as a reliable source for health professionals regarding choline's role in health.

    Government SourceNIH ODSHigh Quality

Clinical Trial Registries(53)

Registered ongoing or completed trials (ClinicalTrials.gov).

Moderate Quality
  • Phase 2 Study of the Assessment of the Insulin Sensitizing Activity of Fenretinide in Subjects With Insulin Resistance With BMI >30Kg/m2, and Liver Inflammation Related to Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver

    n=21 · NCT00546455 · SUSPENDED · SUSPENDED

    Many metabolic complications of obesity are a consequence of abnormal responses of the liver, muscle, and fat to insulin actions. Fenretinide may improve the effects of insulin, preventing metabolic complications.

    Clinical TrialClinicalTrials.govModerate Quality
  • Development of a Novel Biomarker for Liver Fibrosis

    n=25 · NCT02348814 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

    The overall aim of this study is to validate a quantitative digital tool for staging liver fibrosis in biopsies from chronic human liver diseases and then evaluate it prospectively in patients.

    Clinical TrialClinicalTrials.govModerate Quality
  • Mechanism of DCs Dysfunction in Chronic HBV Infection

    n=132 · NCT03753308 · UNKNOWN · UNKNOWN

    This research is to better understand the functional impairments of Dendritic cells (DCs) in chronic HBV infection. Aim is to determine if the virus is able to bind to the C-type lectin receptor (CLRs) of DCs to modulate their functions, also, to define the role of viral components and the molecular mechanisms of DCs modulation by HBV. This project should provide a better understanding of the mechanisms by which the immune response is altered by HBV and the immunological control of the infection, and thus propose new immunotherapeutic strategies based on the restoration of DC functions by releasing of virally-induced inhibitions, compromising the infection chronicity

    Clinical TrialClinicalTrials.govModerate Quality

Evidence Summaries(2)

Curated cross-source summaries (TRIP Database and similar).

High Quality
  • About Herbs, Botanicals & Other Products: Berberine

    Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center

    MSKCC's "About Herbs" resource provides information on berberine, including its purported uses for various conditions and a summary of scientific evidence. It often discusses potential interactions and safety concerns relevant for patients.

    Evidence SummaryMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer CenterHigh Quality
  • NAFLD (Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease)

    TRIP Database

    TRIP Database is a clinical search engine that allows health professionals to quickly find high-quality research evidence to support their clinical practice. Searching for NAFLD provides access to a wide range of evidence-based resources.

    Evidence SummaryTRIP DatabaseHigh Quality

Working alongside conventional care

Conventional care for NAFLD primarily focuses on managing underlying risk factors such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and dyslipidemia through lifestyle changes and medications. There are currently no FDA-approved medications specifically for NAFLD, but drugs targeting insulin resistance, lipids, or weight loss may be prescribed. Regular monitoring of liver health is also part of conventional manage

Related conditions

Metabolic syndromeType 2 diabetesObesityHigh blood pressureDyslipidemiaCirrhosisLiver cancerCardiovascular disease

Latest News

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This information is for educational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Individuals with NAFLD should consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment, and management of their condition. Self-treating or delaying medical care can have serious health consequ

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