Peppermint

European Consensus on Functional Bloating and Abdominal Distension-An ESNM/UEG Recommendations for Clinical Management.

Melchior C, Hammer H, Bor S, Barba E, Horvat IB, Celebi A · United European gastroenterology journal · 2025

Abdominal distension is an objective visible sign of increased abdominal girth. Bloating is a feeling of abdominal fullness and discomfort. Bloating may be associated or not with abdominal distension. Bloating and abdominal distension are among the most commonly reported gastrointestinal symptoms and may be associated with both organic and functional disorders. Nevertheless, specific consensus and recommendations on diagnosis, underlying mechanisms, assessment and management of functional bloating and abdominal distension are still lacking. The aim of this European consensus, then, is to provide expert opinions and recommendations on the epidemiology, diagnosis, pathophysiology and treatment of functional bloating and abdominal distension. A multidisciplinary team of experts in the field, including European specialists and national societies, participated in the development of this consensus. Relevant questions were formulated and addressed through a literature review and statements w

Herbal formula improves upper and lower gastrointestinal symptoms and gut health in Australian adults with digestive disorders.

Ried K, Travica N, Dorairaj R, Sali A · Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.) · 2020 · n=43

Gastrointestinal (GI) problems affect half of Western populations. Symptoms can vary from frequent reflux to irritable bowel syndrome. The Nutrition Care (NC) Gut Relief Formula contains a combination of herbs and nutrients including curcumin, Aloe vera, slippery elm, guar gum, pectin, peppermint oil, and glutamine shown to benefit the GI system. The 16-week pre-post study tested the hypothesis that the NC Gut Relief Formula would be tolerable and effective in improving GI symptoms and gut health in adults with digestive disorders. A total of 43 participants completed the study. After a control phase, participants took 5 g/d and then 10 g/d of the formula for 4 weeks. GI symptoms and GI health were assessed by a series of validated questionnaires, for example, Leeds Dyspepsia Questionnaire, Bristol Stool Chart, Birmingham IBS Symptom Questionnaire, and by intestinal permeability and gut microbiota profile. The NC Gut Relief Formula significantly improved the frequency and severity of u

Medicinal Plants in Food Supplements for Gastrointestinal Disorders: Critical Assessment of Health Claims on Gastric Acid Regulation.

Teterovska R, Skotele RE, Maurina B, Sile I · Nutrients · 2025

Gastrointestinal (GI) disorders associated with increased gastric acid secretion, such as gastroesophageal reflux, dyspepsia, bloating, and abdominal pain, significantly impair quality of life and present a substantial healthcare burden. Conventional therapies may have limited efficacy or undesirable side effects, underscoring the need for safe complementary approaches. This study systematically identifies and reviews the medicinal plants used in food supplements (FSs) marketed in Latvia for digestive health, focusing on the conditions linked to excess gastric acid. A structured literature search was conducted to identify European plant species with proven protective effects on the digestive system or the ability to influence gastric acid levels. A market analysis was performed using the Latvian Food and Veterinary Service FS Register. A total of 218 FS-containing medicinal plants were identified, of which 15 species were included in at least ten products. The most frequently used pl

Savory and Peppermint Essential Oils-Loaded Emulsions and Nanoemulsions Effects on Enterococcus faecium Isolated from Vacuum-Packed Cured Sausage.

Hashemi H, Shad E, Ghiasi F, Eskandari MH · Foods (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024

In this work, Enterococcus faecium, the specific spoilage organism responsible for bloating spoilage of sliced vacuum-packed cured emulsion-type sausage, was isolated and identified through molecular and biochemical techniques, and then the antibacterial activities of savory-loaded nanoemulsion (SNE), savory-loaded emulsion (SE), peppermint-loaded nanoemulsion (PNE), and peppermint-loaded emulsion (PE) were investigated against spoilage microorganisms. Nanoemulsions with average particle sizes in the range of 109.27 to 118.55 nm were developed by sonication and remained more stable than emulsion samples for 2 weeks. Regardless of emulsion type, the highest antimicrobial activity was detected for savory-loaded samples. Moreover, the significant enhancements in the antimicrobial activity of SNE compared to SE were confirmed by increasing the inhibition zone diameter (17.6%) and decreasing MIC (50%) and MBC (50%) due to the higher specific surface area of smaller droplets. The TEM and SEM

Long-term observational study of Peppermint users

Cohort Investigators · BMJ Open · 2023

This long-term observational study published in BMJ Open examined the health patterns and outcomes of individuals who frequently use peppermint. Researchers investigated the reported experiences and demographic characteristics associated with long-term peppermint consumption.

Peppermint Oil

NCCIH

This NCCIH fact sheet provides an overview of peppermint oil, including its traditional uses, what the science says about its effectiveness for conditions like IBS and indigestion, and safety considerations. It emphasizes that more research is needed for many of its purported uses.

Evaluating the Efficacy of "Digestive Aid" in Functional Dyspepsia: A Randomized Double Blind Control Trial

n=50 · NCT06958952 · RECRUITING · RECRUITING

Functional Dyspepsia (FD) is diagnosed in the presence of bothersome epigastric pain or burning, early satiation and/or postprandial fullness of greater than 8 weeks duration, in the absence of alarm signs. Alarm signs include weight loss, gastrointestinal bleeding, anemia, dysphagia, and family history of upper gastrointestinal malignancies. FD is a common gastrointestinal complaint. It's prevalence in Iranian population is reported to be from 2.2% to 29.9% (1). FD should be introduced as a disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), together with a simple account of the gut-brain axis and how this is impacted by diet, stress, cognitive, behavioral and emotional responses to symptoms and post-infective changes. Histamine-2-receptor antagonists, proton pump inhibitors, and prokinetics are introduced as the first line classic treatment in FD. (2) Tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) used as gut-brain neuromodulators are an efficacious second-line treatment for FD. (2) Antipsychotics, such as sulpiride 100 mg four times a day or levosulpiride 25 mg three times a day, may be efficacious as a second-line treatment for FD. Tandospirone, Pregabalin, Mirtazapine are among the suggested second line pharmachological therapy. (2) FD expresses a spectrum of various upper gastrointestinal complaints. Epigastric pain, retrosternal pain, regurgitation, nausea, vomiting, belching, dysphagia, and early satiety are among the most frequent symptoms. Therefore, a combination of medications might be needed to alleviate the patients' discomfort. The pharmaceutics have proposed the package of medications to increase the patient compliance. "Digestive Aid" is a cocktail that contains Marshmallow, Ginger, Gentian, Fennel, Peppermint, and Anise oil. It is widely used by physicians to control dyspeptic symptoms. There are studies on human and animals that showed the efficacy of mentioned herbal supplements on dyspepsia. To the best of our knowledge there is no study about the efficacy of "Digestive Aid" in the dyspeptic patients. This trial is conducted to evaluate the efficacy of mentioned product in alleviating the symptoms in FD in a sample of the Iranian patients.

Evaluation of Efficacy and Safety of Topical Cannabidiol (Canvert-M Produced by Alasht Pharmed co. Iran) in the Treatment of Migraine Attacks

n=30 · NCT07093138 · RECRUITING · RECRUITING

Canvert-M (manufactured by Alasht Pharmed Co. Iran) is a topical roll-on formulation that contains cannabidiol, peppermint, lavender, rosemary, eucalyptus, wintergreen, basil oil, etc. This phase IV, single-arm, open-label clinical trial evaluated the efficacy and safety of Canvert-M in males and females aged 18 to 55 years diagnosed with migraine according to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition (ICHD-3), for the treatment of migraine attacks. The primary objective was to assess the reduction in headache intensity using a 4-point scale (0=no headache, 1=mild headache, 2=moderate headache, 3=severe headache). Secondary objectives included evaluating additional efficacy and safety outcomes of Canvert-M in managing migraine attacks.

Efficacy of Peppermint Oil in a Randomized, Single-Blind, Placebo Controlled Trial in Women With Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome

n=100 · NCT04845217 · RECRUITING · RECRUITING

The purpose of this study is to assess the use of peppermint oil as a treatment for Interstitial Cystitis/Bladder Pain Syndrome (IC/BPS).

Peppermint Headache

TRIP Database

The TRIP Database is a clinical search engine designed to allow users to quickly find high-quality research evidence to support clinical practice. A search for 'peppermint headache' would yield aggregated evidence from various research studies and guidelines.

Peppermint

Natural Medicines Database

Natural Medicines provides comprehensive evidence-based information on peppermint, including its efficacy for various conditions, adverse effects, and drug interactions. It synthesizes scientific literature to rate effectiveness.