Chronic Bronchitis

A genome-wide cross-trait analysis characterizes the shared genetic architecture between lung and gastrointestinal diseases.

You D, Wu Y, Lu M, Shao F, Tang Y, Liu S · Nature communications · 2025

Lung and gastrointestinal diseases often occur together, leading to more adverse health outcomes than when a disease of one of these systems occurs alone. However, the potential genetic mechanisms underlying lung-gastrointestinal comorbidities remain unclear. Here, we leverage lung and gastrointestinal trait data from individuals of European, East Asian and African ancestries, to perform a large-scale genetic cross trait analysis, followed by functional annotation and Mendelian randomization analysis to explore the genetic mechanisms involved in the development of lung-gastrointestinal comorbidities. Notably, we find significant genetic correlations between 27 trait pairs among the European population. The highest correlation is between chronic bronchitis and peptic ulcer disease. At the variant level, we identify 42 candidate pleiotropic genetic variants (3 of them previously uncharacterized) in 14 trait pairs by integrating cross-trait meta-analysis, fine-mapping and colocalization a

Effects of cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator potentiators on clinical outcomes of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Yan X, Deqing Q, Yu F, Wang T, Xu D, Wen F · Expert review of respiratory medicine · 2024

Excessive mucus secretion is pivotal in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) pathophysiology, particularly in chronic bronchitis phenotypes. Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) has been implicated in COPD-related hypersecretion with acquired dysfunction, and emerged as a therapeutic target. However, the clinical efficacy of CFTR-potentiators in COPD remains controversial. We searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), China Science and Technology Journal (CSTJ), and Wanfang Database to retrieve eligible studies published before 28 May 2024. A total of 1172 COPD patients were included, meta-analysis showed that CFTR-potentiators significantly increased forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and decreased sweat chloride and fibrinogen levels, with moderate-to-high quality evidence. However, no significant effects were observed on the percentage of detected FEV1 to predicted FEV1 (FEV1% predicted), forced vita

Extrahepatic conditions of primary biliary cholangitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and risk.

Liang Y, Li J, Zhang Z, Jiang T, Yang Z · Clinics and research in hepatology and gastroenterology · 2024

Many studies reported the prevalence of extrahepatic conditions (EHC) of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC), but the great heterogeneity existed across different studies. Therefore, we conducted the systematic review and meta-analyses to determine EHC prevalence and association with PBC. We searched PUBMED and included observational, cross-sectional and case-controlled studies. A random or fixed effects model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence and odd ratio (OR) as appropriate. Of 5370 identified publications, 129 publications with 133 studies met the inclusion criteria. Sjögren's syndrome had the highest prevalence (21.4 % vs. 3 % in non-PBC individuals), followed by Raynaud's syndrome (12.3 % vs. 1 %), rheumatoid arthritis-like arthritis (5 % vs. 3 %), systemic sclerosis (3.7 % vs. 0 %) and systemic lupus erythematosus (2 % vs. 0 %). The prevalence of overall thyroid diseases (11.3 %), autoimmune thyroid diseases (9.9 %), osteoporosis (21.1 %), celiac disease (1 %) and

Medicinal plants and compounds for chronic bronchitis treatment: efficacy and action mechanisms.

Ding W, Chen D, Li J, Wang Y, Chen X, Xu Y · Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025

Chronic bronchitis (CB) is a common yet heterogeneous condition characterized by persistent inflammation, oxidative stress, airway hyperresponsiveness, and mucus hypersecretion. As an early stage of various severe pulmonary diseases, current therapeutic strategies remain unsatisfactory. Substantial evidence indicates that medicinal plants and compounds hold potential for treating inflammatory lung disorders. This study aims to consolidate recent and reliable evidence concerning the multi-targeted roles and underlying molecular mechanisms of these natural products in the treatment of CB. This systematic review followed a prospectively registered protocol (PROSPERO ID: CRD42024588912). A comprehensive literature search encompassed multiple electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, VIP, Wan-fang, SinoMed, and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure Study selection strictly adhered to the PICOS principles to systematically identify medicinal plants and co

Telemedicine in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review.

Vila M, Rosa Oliveira V, Agustí A · Medicina clinica · 2023

Telemedicine is defined as the use of electronic technology for information and communication by healthcare professionals with patients (or care givers) aiming at providing and supporting healthcare to patients away from healthcare institutions. This systematic review over the last decade (2013-2022) investigates the use of telemedicine in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We identified 53 publications related to: (1) home tele-monitorization; (2) tele-education and self-management; (3) telerehabilitation; and (4) mobile health (mHealth). Results showed that, although evidence is still weak in many of these domains, results are positive in terms of improvement of health-status, use of health-care resources, feasibility, and patient satisfaction. Importantly, no safety issues were identified. Thus, telemedicine can be considered today as a potential complement to usual healthcare.

Dioscorea nipponica Makino: a systematic review on its ethnobotany, phytochemical and pharmacological profiles.

Ou-Yang SH, Jiang T, Zhu L, Yi T · Chemistry Central journal · 2018

Dioscorea nipponica Makino is a perennial twining herbs belonging to the family Dioscoreaceae, which is mainly distributed in the northeastern, northern, eastern and central regions of China. Traditionally, the rhizome of this herb has been commonly used by Miao and Meng ethnic groups of China to treat rheumatoid arthritis, pain in the legs and lumbar area, Kashin Beck disease, bruises, sprains, chronic bronchitis, cough and asthma. Modern pharmacological studies have discovered that this herb possesses anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, anti-diuretic, analgesic, anti-tussive, panting-calming and phlegm-dispelling activities, along with enhancing immune function and improving cardiovascular health. In recent years, both fat-soluble and water-soluble steroidal saponins were isolated from the rhizomes of D. nipponica using silica gel column chromatography, thin layer chromatography and high performance liquid chromatography methods. Saponin and sapogenins are mainly responsible for most of t

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in over 16s: diagnosis and management

NICE

This guideline covers diagnosing and managing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in people aged 16 and over. It includes recommendations on smoking cessation, inhaled therapies, and other interventions to improve quality of life.

Global Strategy for the Diagnosis, Management and Prevention of COPD GOLD 2024 Report

GOLD

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) provides a comprehensive strategy for the diagnosis, management, and prevention of COPD, which often includes chronic bronchitis as a component. This report details evidence-based recommendations for healthcare professionals.

Ivacaftor for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Results from a Phase 2, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Vijaykumar K, Solomon GM, Guimbellot J, Acosta EP, Bhambhavni PG, White S · American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025 · n=40

Rationale: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exhibit acquired CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) dysfunction. CFTR modulators may improve outcomes in patients with COPD, although recent data regarding the magnitude of benefit have been inconclusive, and effects on mucociliary clearance are unknown. Objective: We conducted a phase 2, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial to determine safety and tolerability and explore the potential mechanism of ivacaftor for the treatment of patients with COPD. Methods: We randomized 40 patients with moderate to severe COPD and symptoms of chronic bronchitis to ivacaftor (n = 30) or placebo (n = 10) 150 mg twice daily for 12 weeks. Primary endpoints included evaluation of the safety of ivacaftor and pharmacokinetics. Secondary endpoints included measures of CFTR activity and clinical outcomes. Measurements and Main Results: Ivacaftor was safe and tolerable, with s

Anticholinergic, antimuscarinic bronchodilators.

Gross NJ, Skorodin MS · The American review of respiratory disease · 1984

The anticholinergic, antimuscarinic compounds are potent and hitherto neglected bronchodilators. Although atropine itself has drawbacks, principally related to its rapid absorption and consequent systemic side effects, its quaternary ammonium congeners, atropine methonitrate and ipratropium bromide, are poorly absorbed. When given by inhalation, they are as effective bronchodilators as atropine is, but longer acting and much less prone to side effects. They act predominantly at a site that is different from adrenergic agents and thus afford an alternative, complementary approach to the treatment of airways obstruction. In stable asthmatic subjects, ipratropium is almost as potent a bronchodilator as beta 2-adrenergic agents are. In patients with chronic bronchitis and emphysema, it is more potent than beta 2-adrenergic agents are. In both conditions, its combination with other bronchodilators adds significantly to the level and duration of bronchodilatation. It may also be occasionally

Long term domiciliary oxygen therapy in chronic hypoxic cor pulmonale complicating chronic bronchitis and emphysema. Report of the Medical Research Council Working Party.

Lancet (London, England) · 1981 · n=87

A controlled trial of long term domiciliary oxygen therapy has been carried out in three centres in the U.K. The 87 patients, all under 70 years of age, who took part had chronic bronchitis or emphysema with irreversible airways obstruction, severe arterial hypoxaemia, carbon dioxide retention, and a history of congestive heart failure. The patients were randomised to oxygen therapy (treated) or no oxygen (controls). Oxygen was given by nasal prongs for at least 15 h daily, usually at 2 1/min. The two groups were well matched, both clinically and in terms of lung function and other laboratory findings. 19 of the 42 oxygen treated patients died in the five years of survival follow-up compared with 30 out of 45 controls: in the 66 men in this trial the survival advantage of oxygen did not emerge until 500 days had elapsed. Survival for the 12 female controls was surprisingly poor, 8 of them being dead at 3 years. Mortality was not easy to predict, though a summation of arterial carbon di

Association of lung health and cardiovascular health (Life's Essential 8).

Zhang W, Zou M, Liang J, Zhang D, Zhou M, Feng H · Frontiers in medicine · 2025

Cardiorespiratory health issues often intersect. This study explored the relationship between lung health and the recently updated Cardiovascular Health Measure (Life's Essential 8). Data from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) were analyzed. Three cohorts were included: lung disease in the Main cohort (N = 9,772), lung function in the Spirometry sub-cohort (N = 3,896), and respiratory symptoms in the Respiratory Symptoms sub-cohort (Age > 40) (N = 3,449). LE8 scores were used as both continuous and categorical variables (0-49, 50-79, 80-100). Weighted multivariate regression analyses examined the correlations between LE8 and lung health, and weighted restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analyzed potential non-linear relationships. Subgroup analysis was conducted to verify stability. Overall lung health was better in the high LE8 group than in the low LE8 group. In the fully adjusted model, the high LE8 group had significantly lower odds of

Emerging Therapeutics in COPD: Mapping Innovation to Treatable Traits.

Cazzola M, McDonald VM, Stolz D, Rogliani P, Matera MG · Lung · 2025

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a complex, heterogeneous condition characterized by diverse clinical phenotypes and underlying pathobiological mechanisms. Traditional "one-size-fits-all" management strategies have limited effectiveness in addressing this heterogeneity. The Treatable Traits (TTs) approach represents a precision medicine paradigm that targets specific, identifiable, and modifiable traits in individual patients, regardless of diagnostic labels. This paper explores the alignment between the TTs framework and emerging pharmacological therapies, with a particular focus on anti-inflammatory agents and bronchodilators currently under investigation. Each drug category is mapped to relevant TTs, such as eosinophilic or neutrophilic inflammation, corticosteroid resistance, chronic bronchitis, and frequent exacerbations. This review highlights the importance of biomarker-driven phenotyping and real-world data in designing TT-based clinical trials. It emphasizes cha

Association between frailty transitions and chronic lung disease incidence: findings from four national cohort studies.

Li S, Tang X, Ge Y, Zhou D, Liu H, Sun T · BMC public health · 2025 · n=122

The association between changes in frailty status and the prevalence of chronic lung diseases (CLD) is critical. This study aims to explore the relationship between variations in frailty status and incidence of CLD. This study utilized data from four national prospective cohorts: China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA), Health and Retirement Study (HRS) and Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). Changes in frailty status were assessed using the Rockwood Frailty Index. CLD was defined as self-reported physician-diagnosed chronic lung diseases, including chronic bronchitis, emphysema, cor pulmonale. Cox proportional hazards model was employed to examine the relationship between changes in frailty status and the incidence of CLD. The analysis included 38,122 participants from four cohorts. Participants who progressed to prefrail or frail status had a significantly higher risk of developing CLD compared to t

Lianhua Qingke Tablet in severe pneumonia: Clinical efficacy and immunoregulatory mechanisms.

Jin P, Qi H, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Yuan C, Kang S · Journal of ethnopharmacology · 2025

Lianhua Qingke (LHQK), a traditional Chinese medicine, has shown efficacy in treating acute and chronic bronchitis and bronchiolitis. However, the specific mechanism underlying the therapeutic effects of LHQK on severe pneumonia is not clear. Severe pneumonia remains a critical health challenge, particularly in cases progressing to sepsis and septic shock, where host immune responses become dysregulated or dysfunctional. This study aims to evaluate the immunomodulatory effects of LHQK in severe pneumonia. This research examined LHQK's therapeutic and immunomodulatory mechanisms in patients with severe pneumonia and a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of severe pneumonia. Patients with severe pneumonia were randomized into three groups: basal treatment, LHQK-Low dose (12 tablets/day), and LHQK-High dose (24 tablets/day). BALB/c mice were categorized into four groups: control, model, LHQK-Low dose (3.7 mg/kg), and LHQK-High dose (7.4 mg/kg). Clinical efficacy was e

Bronchitis

NHS

The NHS offers information on bronchitis, explaining what it is, its symptoms, causes, and how it is treated. It also provides advice on self-care and when to see a GP.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)

CDC

The CDC offers comprehensive information on COPD, which includes chronic bronchitis, covering risk factors, statistics, prevention, and management strategies. It aims to educate the public and healthcare professionals.

The Use of Cyproheptadine to Improve Eating Habits in Children With Pediatric Feeding Disorders

n=18 · NCT06751290 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

The goal of this clinical trial is to learn if Cyproheptadine, an appetite stimulant, can improve eating habits in children with Pediatric Feeding Disorders. Pediatric Feeding Disorders is a broad term that describes disorders of eating-related behaviors that causes altered consumption of food and impairs physical or psychosocial health.

A Prospective, Multi-center, Observational Study on the Efficacy and Safety of FEXUCLUE Tab. In Patients With Acute or Chronic Gastritis

n=12000 · NCT06948487 · RECRUITING · RECRUITING

This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of Fexuclue tablets in improving gastrointestinal symptoms based on patient-reported outcomes (PROs), by comparing assessments before and after treatment.

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Dynamic Isometric, Static Isometric and Craniocervical Flexor Exercise Training in Individuals with Chronic Neck Pain

n=48 · NCT06697457 · RECRUITING · RECRUITING

The aim of this study is to compare the effectiveness of craniocervical flexion, static and dynamic isometric exercise training applied with a conventional physiotherapy program in individuals with chronic neck pain.

Chronic Bronchitis

TRIP Database

TRIP Database is a clinical search engine that allows users to find high-quality research evidence on chronic bronchitis. It aggregates content from multiple sources to facilitate evidence-based practice.