COPD

Association of electronic cigarette use and risk of COPD: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Shabil M, Malvi A, Khatib MN, Ganesan S, Kaur M, Srivastava M · NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2025

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a global health concern, primarily linked to cigarette smoking. The potential role of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) in COPD development remains unclear. Despite growing popularity as a smoking alternative, evidence suggests e-cigarettes may have harmful respiratory effects. This systematic review and meta-analysis assess the relationship between e-cigarette use and odds of having COPD. A comprehensive search of Web of Science, Embase, and PubMed was conducted to identify observational studies that assessed the association between e-cigarette use and the risk of COPD, providing risk estimates (hazard ratios, risk ratios, or odds ratios) for current, former, and ever e-cigarette users. Random-effects meta-analysis was performed using R software (V 4.4), and heterogeneity was assessed with the I2 statistic. Sensitivity analyses were conducted to test the robustness of the findings. Publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test and

Effectiveness of Digital Health Interventions for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Zhuang M, Hassan II, W Ahmad WMA, Abdul Kadir A, Liu X, Li F · Journal of medical Internet research · 2025 · n=2027

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), marked by dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, significantly impairs patients' quality of life and functionality. Effective management strategies, particularly those empowering patients to manage their condition, are essential to reduce this burden and health care use. Digital health interventions-such as mobile apps for symptom tracking, wearable sensors for vital sign monitoring, and web-based pulmonary rehabilitation programs-can enhance self-efficacy and promote greater patient engagement. By improving self-management skills, these interventions also help alleviate pressure on health care systems. This systematic review and meta-analysis assesses the clinical effectiveness of smartphone apps, wearable monitors, and web-delivered platforms in four COPD management areas: (1) quality of life (measured by the COPD Assessment Test [CAT] and St George's Respiratory Questionnaire), (2) self-efficacy (assessed by the General Self-Efficacy Sc

Safety and efficacy of ensifentrine in COPD: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

Yappalparvi A, Balaraman AK, Padmapriya G, Gaidhane S, Kaur I, Lal M · Respiratory medicine · 2025

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) significantly impacts global health due to persistent airflow limitation and inflammation. Despite standard therapies, symptoms persist. Ensifentrine, targeting both bronchoconstriction and inflammation as a dual phosphodiesterase 3 and 4 inhibitor, offers a promising therapeutic advancement for COPD management. This meta-analysis evaluates the safety and efficacy of ensifentrine in improving lung function, dyspnea, and quality of life in COPD patients. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science through August 2024 for randomized controlled trials evaluating ensifentrine in COPD patients over a minimum of four weeks. Data extraction and screening utilized Knowledge software, and meta-analyses were performed using R v4.4 with a random-effects model. From 206 studies identified, four met our inclusion criteria. Ensifentrine improved FEV1 significantly at a dose of 3 mg (LS mean difference: 40.90 mL; 95 % CI: 19.65-62.15).

Efficacy and Safety of Acupuncture in Managing COPD: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

Zeng Q, Liu L, Chen Y, Chen D, Zhou Z, Hu W · International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2024

Acupuncture has been used as an adjuvant therapy for Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, systematic reviews (SRs) and meta-analyses (MAs) have reported inconsistent results and unknown quality. This overview aimed to summarize the current SRs/MAs to provide evidence for the effectiveness and safety of acupuncture in the treatment of COPD. SRs/MAs were searched via eight databases from their establishment to December 31, 2023. The methodological quality was assessed by A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2). The risk of bias was assessed using the Risk of Bias in Systematic Review (ROBIS) tool. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses for Acupuncture (PRISMA-A) to evaluate the reporting quality. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to determine the strength of evidence. In addition, we also conducted an analysis of the acupuncture points used in the primary RCTs. Tw

Spiritual Care within Dietetic Practice: A Systematic Literature Review.

Lycett D, Patel R · Journal of religion and health · 2023

Registered dietitians assess, diagnose and treat nutritional problems. Although integral to healthcare, their role in spiritual care is unknown. We conducted a systematic review of spiritual needs and spiritual care in nutrition and dietetic practice. Subject Headings and keywords were used to search Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO and AMED for studies exploring spiritual care and nutrition or dietetic practice. From 1433 records, 13 studies were included. Medium quality evidence showed unmet spiritual needs among dietetic patients suffering from cancer, COPD, heart failure and diabetes. Unmet needs occurred in patients from a variety of ethnicities, religions and none. However, dietitians were only involved in spiritual care regarding nutrition and hydration at the end of life. Integrating spiritual screening and sign-posting within dietetic practice is prudent, but clinical trials are needed to evaluate its effectiveness.

Nutrition as a modifiable factor in the onset and progression of pulmonary function impairment in COPD: a systematic review.

van Iersel LEJ, Beijers RJHCG, Gosker HR, Schols AMWJ · Nutrition reviews · 2022

Chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) is a progressive lung disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation. An increasing amount of evidence suggests an effect of dietary quality on the risk of COPD in the general population and pulmonary function decline in patients with COPD. The association of dietary intake and nutrient status with COPD risk and onset, as well as pulmonary function decline (change in forced expiratory volume in 1 second, forced vital capacity, or the ratio of the former to the latter) in patients with COPD was investigated in this systematic review. The PubMed database was searched by combining terms of pulmonary function or COPD with diet, nutrient status, or nutritional supplementation. Original studies and systematic reviews and meta-analyses were included. Articles obtained were independently screened for relevance on the bases of title and abstract by 2 researchers. Eventually, 89 articles were included in the analysis. The unhealthy Weste

Pocket guide: biologics in upper and lower airways in adults.

Fokkens WJ, Backer V, Lund VJ, Barnes PJ, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Bjermer L · Rhinology · 2025

The introduction of biologics for the treatment of severe upper and lower (type 2) airway inflammation has been a game changer in the management of these diseases. Biologics are injectable medications targeting different molecules relevant in (type 2) inflammation in patients with severe (type 2) airway diseases, like asthma, eosinophilic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and those who remain uncontrolled despite regular treatment. After the phase 3 trials, showing significant impact on symptoms, quality of life and interventions like surgery (for the upper airways) and exacerbations needing hospitalisation (for the lower airways), biologics are now used in daily practice in many parts of the world. This pocket guide is aimed at all specialists treating adult patients with severe airway disease.

[Guidelines for the prevention and management of bronchial asthma (2024 edition)].

Chinese Thoracic Society, Chinese Medical Association · Zhonghua jie he he hu xi za zhi = Zhonghua jiehe he huxi zazhi = Chinese journal of tuberculosis and respiratory diseases · 2025

Bronchial asthma (asthma) is a common chronic respiratory disease. Standardized diagnosis, treatment and effective clinical management are critical to improving asthma control, improving patients' quality of life, and reducing the disease burden. Based on the latest evidence-based research from both domestic and international references, the Asthma Group of the Chinese Thoracic Society has revised the "Guidelines for bronchial asthma prevent and management (2020 edition)". This revision supplements the diagnostic pathway, and updates clinical staging, and severity grading of asthma. Furthermore, adjustments have been made in asthma evaluation, maintenance therapy, acute exacerbation management, severe asthma, atypical asthma, and treatment principles of asthma, according to the latest research evidence. The updated guideline serves as a comprehensive resource for healthcare professionals in China, providing the latest recommendations to improve their knowledge and competence in the sta

GOLD Science Committee recommendations for the use of pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry for the diagnosis of COPD.

Singh D, Stockley R, Anzueto A, Agusti A, Bourbeau J, Celli BR · The European respiratory journal · 2025

The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) report states that the diagnosis of COPD should be considered in individuals with chronic respiratory symptoms and/or exposure to risk factors. Forced spirometry demonstrating airflow obstruction after bronchodilation is required to confirm the diagnosis using a threshold of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1)/forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio <0.7. This GOLD Science Committee review weighs the evidence for using pre- or post-bronchodilator (BD) spirometry to diagnose COPD. Cohort studies have shown that pre- and post-BD spirometry give concordant diagnostic results in most cases, although the prevalence of COPD is up to 36% lower with post-BD values. Discordant results may occur in "volume" or "flow" responders. Volume responders have reduced FVC due to gas trapping causing FEV1/FVC ≥0.7 pre-BD, but a volume response occurs post-BD with a greater improvement in FVC relative to FEV1 decreasing the rat

Effect of acupuncture on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A multicenter randomized controlled trial.

Li J, Xie Y, Wang Y, Wu L, Yu X, Bai L · Complementary therapies in medicine · 2025 · n=150

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common and frequently occurring disease that seriously endangers health, causing a heavy economic burden on patients and society. Acupuncture has been reported to have a therapeutic effect on patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, compared with medications, it is difficult to identify a superior therapy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture, conventional drug and acupuncture plus conventional drug in the treatment of COPD. This was a multicenter, open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT) through a central randomization system. A total of 150 COPD patients were randomly assigned at a 1:1:1 ratio to the acupuncture group, conventional drug group or acupuncture plus conventional drug group for 12 weeks of treatment, followed by 12 weeks of untreated follow-up. The primary outcomes included the six-minute walk distance (6MWD) and St. George's Respiratory Qu

Vitamin D Supplementation, Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease and Asthma Exacerbations, and Lung Function Decline.

Gold DR, Carey VJ, Hersh CP, Wan E, Camargo CA Jr, Lee IM · The Journal of nutrition · 2025 · n=1648

It remains unclear whether supplementation with vitamin D reduces risk of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive lung disease (COPD) or asthma, major contributors to the world-wide burden of disease. To compare effects of vitamin D with placebo supplementation for the prespecified primary endpoints 1) acute exacerbations of COPD and 2) decline in pulmonary function measures of airflow obstruction. Prespecified secondary endpoints included asthma exacerbations and control. Lung VITamin D and OmegA-3 TriaL (VITAL) is an ancillary study of VITAL, a United States nationwide, randomized, placebo-controlled trial with a 2-by-2 factorial design of vitamin D3 (2000 IU/d) and marine n-3 fatty acids (1 g/d) among men 50 y and women 55 y of age or older. Of 25,871 randomly divided participants, 3632 at risk for respiratory exacerbations, including 1977 with COPD by diagnosis or symptoms and 1654 with self-reported asthma diagnosis, were followed annually for 5 y by self-administered respira

Electroacupuncture as an Adjuvant Therapy for Dyspnea in Patients with Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Ma J, Cao X, Chen K, Dang K, Wang H, Zhang C · Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2025 · n=14

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is the most prevalent cardiovascular complication of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Dyspnea is the most prevalent and distressing symptom in Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with COPD (PH-COPD) patients. This study elucidates the operational details of electroacupuncture therapy, encompassing instrument preparation, acupuncture point selection, procedure, precautions, and emergency handling. By assessing with the Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC), the 6-Minute Walk Test (6MWT), the Modified Borg Scale, the UCSD Shortness of Breath Questionnaire (UCSD-SOBQ), and the oxygen partial pressure in arterial blood (PaO2), the efficacy and safety of electroacupuncture as a supplementary intervention for dyspnea in patient with PH-COPD were explored. An exploratory randomized controlled study was conducted on 14 patients, with the electroacupuncture group receiving both conventional therapy and electroacupuncture treatment, and the

The impact of electronic cigarette use on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Song C, Hao X, Critselis E, Panagiotakos D · Respiratory medicine · 2025 · n=424

Electronic cigarette (or e-cigarette) use is increasing globally. To date, there are limited pooled estimates regarding the impact of e-cigarette use on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present meta-analysis of large-scale population-based observational studies evaluates the impact of e-cigarette use on COPD. A systematic search of observational studies published between 1/2020-1/2024 was conducted in MEDLINE and Scopus based on PRISMA Guidelines. Of 3670 originally retrieved papers, 7 observational studies (including 4 cross-sectional studies and 3 prospective cohort studies) fulfilled all search criteria and were used for the present meta-analysis which encompassed in total, 3,552,424 participants, including 138,698 cases with COPD. The findings from the random-effects meta-analysis (I2 = 22 %, Cochran Q (6) = 7.19, p = 0.307) suggested that use of e-cigarette among non-cigarette users was associated with (pooled Relative Risk, pR

Exercise Prescription Training in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Benefits and Mechanisms.

Liu S, Yang A, Yu Y, Xu B, Yu G, Wang H · International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2025

Exercise rehabilitation training has emerged as one of the most promising modalities for enhancing clinical outcomes and overall well-being in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Distinct exercise prescriptions yield different clinical benefits in this population. Endurance training has been demonstrated to significantly improve exercise capacity, alleviate dyspnea, and enhance health-related quality of life metrics. High-intensity interval training offers a time-efficient approach to boosting cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic function. Resistance training addresses progressive muscle atrophy through targeted myofiber recruitment, thereby augmenting musculoskeletal performance and translating to enhanced exercise tolerance in patients with COPD. Exercise-mediated rehabilitation attenuates COPD progression and mitigates acute exacerbation risks via multifactorial mechanisms such as mitigation of inflammatory responses, reduction of oxidative stress, and imp

A hypothetical intervention analysis for the effects of healthy dietary patterns on reducing major chronic diseases and mortality associated with air pollutant mixtures.

Zheng G, Chen L, Ran S, Wei S, Ho KF, Huang Z · BMC medicine · 2025

Randomized trials have not assessed how changing dietary patterns affects air pollution-related chronic diseases and mortality. We estimated these risks under hypothetical dietary interventions. 17,254 UK Biobank adults with repeated 24-h dietary assessments (2009-2012) were included. Exposures to six air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, NO2, NOX, SO2, and benzene) were estimated using the bilinear interpolation algorithm. Outcomes included incident cardiovascular disease (CVD), diabetes, cancer, chronic kidney disease (CKD), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), dementia, and all-cause mortality. Eleven dietary patterns were calculated. Using the parametric g-formula, we simulated interventions increasing dietary scores (75th/90th percentiles, optimal adherence), estimating 13-year cumulative risks and risk difference (RD) for outcomes associated with air pollutant mixtures. Over 12.9 median follow-up years, 2295 CVD, 475 diabetes, 1912 cancer, 969 CKD, 395 COPD, 405 dementia cases,

COPD

CDC

The CDC provides comprehensive information on COPD, including facts, symptoms, risk factors, diagnosis, treatment, and living with the condition, aimed at the general public and healthcare professionals.

Chronic respiratory diseases

WHO

Provides an overview of chronic respiratory diseases, including COPD, detailing their impact, risk factors, and WHO's efforts in prevention and control.

Comparative Effects of Breather Device and Incentive Spirometer on Dyspnea , Lung Function Tests and Quality of Life in Patients With Copd.

n=80 · NCT07435532 · NOT_YET_RECRUITING · NOT_YET_RECRUITING

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized and defined by limitation of expiratory airflow. This can result from several types of anatomical lesions, including loss of lung elastic recoil and fibrosis and narrowing of small airways. Inflammation, edema, and secretions also contribute variably to airflow limitation.it is a preventable and treatable disease characterized by persistent airflow limitation and respiratory symptoms, leading to cough, dyspnea, muscle weakness and fatigue affecting overall well-being and quality of life. The Breather is a respiratory muscle training device strengthening both inspiratory and expiratory muscles by breathing against a set resistance, which can be increased in line with training progress while. Another technique with proven effect in improvement of respiratory function and lung expansion is the incentive spirometry. incentive spirometry is used to encourage deep breathing and effective coughing, to achieve maximum dilation of the bronchi and prevent and treat pulmonary complications such as atelectasis in COPD patients.

A Randomized, Placebo Controlled Double-Blind, Multi-Center, Phase II Study to Assess the Efficacy and Safety of CNTO6785 in Patients With Moderate to Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

n=187 · NCT01966549 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

The purpose of the study is to evaluate the effect of CNTO6785 compared with placebo in participants with moderate to severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

The Effect of Forgiveness-based Motivational Interviewing on Death Anxiety, Life Satisfaction, and Forgiveness Disposition in Patients With COPD: A Randomized Controlled Trial

n=30 · NCT07365943 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

This study aimed to examine the effect of forgiveness-based motivational interviewing on death anxiety, life satisfaction, and forgiveness disposition in patients with COPD. A randomized controlled experimental design with pretest, posttest, and one-month follow-up measurements was employed. The study sample consisted of 30 patients (experimental group: 15; control group: 15). The experimental group received forgiveness-based motivational interviewing, whereas no intervention was provided to the control group. Data were collected using a personal information form, the Death Anxiety Scale, the Life Satisfaction Scale, and the Forgiveness Scale. The findings revealed that, in the posttest and follow-up measurements, the experimental group had significantly lower mean scores on the Death Anxiety Scale compared to the control group (p\<0.05). Furthermore, the experimental group demonstrated significantly higher mean scores on the Life Satisfaction Scale and the Forgiveness Scale in the posttest and follow-up measurements than the control group (p\<0.05). This study concluded that forgiveness-based motivational interviewing effectively reduces death anxiety while enhancing life satisfaction and forgiveness disposition in patients with COPD. Therefore, implementing motivational interviewing for patients is recommended.

Cochrane Airways

Cochrane

Cochrane Airways publishes systematic reviews of interventions for airways diseases, including COPD, providing high-quality, independent evidence to inform healthcare decisions.

Cochrane reviews on COPD

Cochrane

The Cochrane Library provides systematic reviews and meta-analyses on various interventions and aspects related to COPD, offering high-quality evidence to inform healthcare decisions.

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

TRIP Database

TRIP is a clinical search engine designed to allow users to quickly and easily find high-quality research evidence, including guidelines and systematic reviews related to COPD.