Asthma

Efficacy and safety of moxibustion as a complementary and alternative therapy for asthma: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Deng G, Feng X, Zhang H, Li L, Cao Q, Fu Y · International immunopharmacology · 2024

This systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of moxibustion as a complementary or alternative treatment for asthma. Seven databases were searched up to June 23, 2024, to identify RCTs assessing moxibustion for bronchial asthma. The outcomes of interest included response to treatment, asthma control, quality of life, lung function, immunological indicators, and incidence of adverse events (AEs). The treatment effects were measured by proportional odds ratios or mean differences with 95% confidence intervals. Thirty-seven RCTs (n = 2,879) were included. Moderate- to very low-quality evidence showed that compared with anti-asthmatic drugs alone, moxibustion plus anti-asthmatic drugs led to a significantly better response and greater increases in lung function, asthma control, and IgE levels. However, the combination therapy had no effect on children's quality of life. In the active comparisons, moxibustion resulted in

A critical analysis of the effect of OM-85 for the prevention of recurrent respiratory tract infections or wheezing/asthma from systematic reviews with meta-analysis.

Castro-Rodriguez JA, Turi KN, Forno E · Pediatric allergy and immunology : official publication of the European Society of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology · 2024

Acute respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are one of the most common causes of pediatric consultations/hospitalizations and a major trigger for asthma exacerbations. Some consensus statements have recommended the use of immunostimulants to boost natural defenses against severe or repeated infections. One of the most common immunostimulants is OM-85; while several randomized clinical trials (RCTs) have evaluated its efficacy in preventing acute RTIs and wheezing/asthma exacerbations, results have been conflicting. Similarly, various systematic reviews with meta-analyses (SRMs) on OM-85 have used different strategies, populations, and outcomes; moreover, SRM conclusions are limited when the original studies are highly heterogeneous or have a low quality, hindering the generalizability of the findings. Here we summarize the evidence on the effect of OM-85 to prevent acute RTIs, wheezing/asthma episodes, or loss of asthma control in children, by including and critically evaluating all SRMs

Vitamin D supplementation decrease asthma exacerbations in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Fedora K, Setyoningrum RA, Aina Q, Rosyidah LN, Ni'mah NL, Titiharja FF · Annals of medicine · 2024 · n=1243

Observational studies have linked low vitamin D (VD) levels to increased asthma attacks in children. Subsequent meta-analyses of adults and children revealed that VD treatment might benefit asthmatic patients by reducing the incidence of exacerbations. Therefore, this review aims to analyze the effects of VD supplementation in reducing asthma exacerbations in children. Published reports from PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were systematically searched until April 2023. The study protocol was registered in the PROSPERO database CRD42023411796. Randomized controlled trial studies were included in this review. Meta-analysis was performed using Cochrane RevMan 5.1 and presented with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Ten relevant studies enrolled 1243 asthmatic children (631 children receiving vitamin D3 supplementation, 612 children receiving placebo) were included in this review. Our pooled analysis found that VD supplementation had a significant effect on lowering the total number o

Effect of dietary interventions on markers of type 2 inflammation in asthma: A systematic review.

Visser E, Ten Brinke A, Sizoo D, Pepels JJS, Ten Have L, van der Wiel E · Respiratory medicine · 2024

Type 2 (T2) inflammation is a key mechanism in the pathophysiology of asthma. Diet may have immunomodulatory effects, and a role for diet in T2 inflammation has been suggested in the literature. Indeed, diet and food allergies play a role in children with atopic asthma, but less is known about diet in relation to adult asthma, which is often non-atopic. To review the effect of dietary interventions on markers of T2 inflammation in adults with asthma. The databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL were searched for eligible studies until December 2022. We included studies of all types of foods, nutrients, diets or supplements, either as an exposure or as an intervention, in adults and adolescents with asthma. Outcomes of interest included the T2 biomarkers FeNO, eosinophils, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, eosinophil cationic protein and eosinophil peroxidase. The methodological quality of eligible studies was systematically evaluated, and the results were summarised according to dieta

Combined Lifestyle Interventions in the Prevention and Management of Asthma and COPD: A Systematic Review.

Born CDC, Bhadra R, D'Souza G, Kremers SPJ, Sambashivaiah S, Schols AMWJ · Nutrients · 2024

(1) Background: A healthy lifestyle has a protective role against the onset and management of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, combined lifestyle interventions (CLIs) are a potentially valuable prevention approach. This review aims to provide an overview of existing CLIs for the prevention and management of asthma or COPD. (2) Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed, EMBASE, and PsycInfo. Studies were included if CLIs targeted at least two lifestyle factors. (3) Results: Among the 56 included studies, 9 addressed asthma and 47 addressed COPD management, with no studies focusing on prevention. For both conditions, the most prevalent combination of lifestyle targets was diet and physical activity (PA), often combined with smoking cessation in COPD. The studied CLIs led to improvements in quality of life, respiratory symptoms, body mass index/weight, and exercise capacity. Behavioural changes were only measured in a limited num

Breathing techniques to reduce symptoms in people with serious respiratory illness: a systematic review.

Burge AT, Gadowski AM, Jones A, Romero L, Smallwood NE, Ekström M · European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2024 · n=323

In adults with serious respiratory illness, breathlessness is prevalent and associated with reduced health-related quality of life. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of breathing techniques on breathlessness in adults with serious respiratory illness. Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials testing breathing techniques (techniques that aim to alter the respiratory pattern, excluding respiratory muscle training) in people with serious respiratory illness. The primary outcome was breathlessness and secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life and adverse events. Two authors independently screened for inclusion, evaluated risk of bias and extracted data. 73 randomised controlled trials were included with 5479 participants, most with COPD or asthma. Breathing exercises (pursed lip and/or diaphragmatic breathing) reduced breathlessness measured by the modified Medical Research Council scale compared to usual care (mean difference

AARC and PALISI Clinical Practice Guideline: Pediatric Critical Asthma.

White BR, Miller AG, Baker J, Basnet S, Carroll CL, Craven H · Respiratory care · 2025

To address the lack of guidance for clinicians in their care of children with critical asthma, a multidisciplinary team of medical providers used Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology to make the following recommendations: 1. We suggest the use of continuous inhaled short-acting β agonist (SABA) over frequent intermittent SABA in children treated for critical asthma. (Conditional recommendation, very low certainty of evidence) 2. We suggest the use of either high- or low-dose continuous inhaled SABA regimens in children treated for critical asthma. (Conditional recommendation, very low certainty of evidence) 3. We suggest the use of either dexamethasone or methylprednisolone (or an equivalent dose of prednisone/prednisolone) for children treated for critical asthma. (Conditional recommendation, very low certainty of evidence) 4. We suggest the use of intravenous (IV) magnesium (intermittent or continuous) as an adjunct therapy in children

Clinical Practice Guideline: Adult Sinusitis Update.

Payne SC, McKenna M, Buckley J, Colandrea M, Chow A, Detwiller K · Otolaryngology--head and neck surgery : official journal of American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery · 2025

The American Academy of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Foundation has published a supplement to this issue of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery featuring the updated "Clinical Practice Guideline: Adult Sinusitis". To assist in implementing the guideline recommendations, this article summarizes the rationale, purpose, and key action statements. The 14 developed recommendations address diagnostic accuracy for adult rhinosinusitis, the appropriate use of ancillary tests to confirm diagnosis and guide management (including radiography, nasal endoscopy, computed tomography, and testing for allergy and immune function), and the judicious use of systemic and topical therapy. Emphasis was also placed on identifying multiple chronic conditions that would modify management of rhinosinusitis, including asthma, cystic fibrosis, an immunocompromised state, and ciliary dyskinesia. An updated guideline is needed as a result of new clinical trials, new systematic reviews, and the lack of

Atopic dermatitis (eczema) guidelines: 2023 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology/American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters GRADE- and Institute of Medicine-based recommendations.

AAAAI/ACAAI JTF Atopic Dermatitis Guideline Panel, Chu DK, Schneider L, Asiniwasis RN, Boguniewicz M, De Benedetto A · Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology : official publication of the American College of Allergy, Asthma, & Immunology · 2024

Guidance addressing atopic dermatitis (AD) management, last issued in 2012 by the American Academy of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology/American College of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology Joint Task Force, requires updating as a result of new treatments and improved guideline and evidence synthesis methodology. To produce evidence-based guidelines that support patients, clinicians, and other decision-makers in the optimal treatment of AD. A multidisciplinary guideline panel consisting of patients and caregivers, AD experts (dermatology and allergy/immunology), primary care practitioners (family medicine, pediatrics, internal medicine), and allied health professionals (psychology, pharmacy, nursing) convened, prioritized equity, diversity, and inclusiveness, and implemented management strategies to minimize influence of conflicts of interest. The Evidence in Allergy Group supported guideline development by performing systematic evidence reviews, facilitating guideline processes, and holdi

Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Severe Asthma Exacerbations in Children With Asthma and Low Vitamin D Levels: The VDKA Randomized Clinical Trial.

Forno E, Bacharier LB, Phipatanakul W, Guilbert TW, Cabana MD, Ross K · JAMA · 2020 · n=400

Severe asthma exacerbations cause significant morbidity and costs. Whether vitamin D3 supplementation reduces severe childhood asthma exacerbations is unclear. To determine whether vitamin D3 supplementation improves the time to a severe exacerbation in children with asthma and low vitamin D levels. The Vitamin D to Prevent Severe Asthma Exacerbations (VDKA) Study was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of vitamin D3 supplementation to improve the time to severe exacerbations in high-risk children with asthma aged 6 to 16 years taking low-dose inhaled corticosteroids and with serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels less than 30 ng/mL. Participants were recruited from 7 US centers. Enrollment started in February 2016, with a goal of 400 participants; the trial was terminated early (March 2019) due to futility, and follow-up ended in September 2019. Participants were randomized to vitamin D3, 4000 IU/d (n = 96), or placebo (n = 96) for 48

Maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy.

Curtis EM, Moon RJ, Harvey NC, Cooper C · British medical bulletin · 2018

Maternal vitamin D status in pregnancy has been linked to many health outcomes in mother and offspring. A wealth of observational studies have reported on both obstetric outcomes and complications, including pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes, mode and timing of delivery. Many foetal and childhood outcomes are also linked to vitamin D status, including measures of foetal size, body composition and skeletal mineralization, in addition to later childhood outcomes, such as asthma. Synthesis of systematic and narrative reviews. The findings are generally inconsistent in most areas, and, at present, there is a lack of data from high-quality intervention studies to confirm a causal role for vitamin D in these outcomes. In most areas, the evidence tends towards maternal vitamin D being of overall benefit, but often does not reach statistical significance in meta-analyses. The most conclusive evidence is in the role of maternal vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of neonatal hypoca

[Antioxidant vitamins in asthma].

Barrera-Mendoza CC, Ayala-Mata F, Cortés-Rojo C, García-Pérez ME, Rodríguez-Orozco AR · Revista alergia Mexico (Tecamachalco, Puebla, Mexico : 1993) · 2018

Asthma is a condition of unknown etiology characterized by chronic airway inflammation. Cells that mediate the inflammatory response generate reactive oxygen species that, together with other respiratory tract naturally-occurring oxidant species, produce a rupture of the redox balance, generating oxidative stress. It has been proposed that oxidative stress can be reverted by supplemental or dietary intake of antioxidant vitamins such as vitamin A, C, D and E, and this way relieve, improve or protect people with asthma. In this research, observational and placebo-controlled trials with regard to the role of antioxidant vitamins in the course of asthma, published between 1979 and 2016, were reviewed. The search engines were Google and Google Scholar, whereas consulted databases were PubMed and The Cochrane Library. There were 75 articles relevant to the subject that were found and reviewed, and it was concluded that it is not clear if the intake of supplements of these vitamins has any b

The therapeutic potential of vitamin D supplementation in asthma.

Krasowski R, Kamińska K, Głodek K, Ostrowska J, Zajda K, Pawliczak R · Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025

Recent years have seen a search for more effective forms of asthma therapy, with one possible option being vitamin D supplementation. The main objective of this study was to present the current state of knowledge on the effect of vitamin D supplementation on the course of asthma in children and adults; it also reviews the existing literature on prenatal vitamin D supplementation and asthma status. The search comprised articles, mostly randomized controlled trials (RCTs), included in the PubMed database and published after 2018. Most RCTs conducted on children indicate that vitamin supplementation did not affect the course of the disease, its control, or exacerbations; however, several trials in adults confirm it to have beneficial effects, with an important role being played by vitamin D deficiency. Unfortunately, the studies demonstrated considerable heterogeneity concerning the age and number of participants, dose, duration, and use of guidelines for pharmaceutical drugs, making it d

Effects of Nutritional Education and Diet on Obesity and Asthma Progression in Children and Adolescents.

Soczewka M, Waśniowska J, Skowrońska B, Szczepankiewicz A, Wojsyk-Banaszak I, Kędzia A · Nutrients · 2025 · n=142

Background: Asthma and obesity commonly co-occur in children, with obesity contributing to asthma development through inflammatory and mechanical pathways. A Mediterranean diet may reduce inflammation and improve outcomes. However, research on the effects of nutritional interventions and dietary education in children with asthma and obesity within the Polish population remains limited. Methods: 142 participants were enrolled in the observational study and divided into three groups: children with asthma and overweight/obesity, children with overweight/obesity, and a control group. Anthropometric and clinical data, dietary habits, and lifestyle parameters (sleep duration, physical activity, screen time) were assessed at baseline and after one year of nutritional intervention. The Mediterranean diet was the main dietary model advocated throughout the intervention. Diet quality and adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern were evaluated using the KIDMED 2.0 index, reflecting the anti

Can the Evidence-Based Use of Probiotics (Notably Saccharomyces boulardii CNCM I-745 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG) Mitigate the Clinical Effects of Antibiotic-Associated Dysbiosis?

Waitzberg D, Guarner F, Hojsak I, Ianiro G, Polk DB, Sokol H · Advances in therapy · 2024

Dysbiosis corresponds to the disruption of a formerly stable, functionally complete microbiota. In the gut, this imbalance can lead to adverse health outcomes in both the short and long terms, with a potential increase in the lifetime risks of various noncommunicable diseases and disorders such as atopy (like asthma), inflammatory bowel disease, neurological disorders, and even behavioural and psychological disorders. Although antibiotics are highly effective in reducing morbidity and mortality in infectious diseases, antibiotic-associated diarrhoea is a common, non-negligible clinical sign of gut dysbiosis (and the only visible one). Re-establishment of a normal (functional) gut microbiota is promoted by completion of the clinically indicated course of antibiotics, the removal of any other perturbing external factors, the passage of time (i.e. recovery through the microbiota's natural resilience), appropriate nutritional support, and-in selected cases-the addition of probiotics. Syste

Asthma: In Depth

NCCIH

NCCIH provides evidence-based information on complementary and integrative health approaches for asthma. It discusses the efficacy and safety of various non-pharmacological interventions.

Asthma

NHS

This page provides comprehensive information about asthma, including its symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment options. It also offers advice on living with asthma.

Assessment of the Pulmonary Diffusion Capacity in Healthy Infants and Infants With Chronic Lung Disease

n=68 · NCT00428038 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

The purpose of this study is to evaluate how easily gas can be taken up by the lung. We are comparing infants born premature \<32 weeks gestation to infants born full term \>37 weeks. We hope to evaluate the differences between the two groups in order to learn more about premature lung growth and development.

A Phase II, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel-Group Study to Evaluate the Efficacy, Safety, and Tolerability of Intravenous huMAb OX40L (RO4989991) in the Prevention of Allergen-Induced Airway Obstruction in Adults With Mild Allergic Asthma

n=29 · NCT00983658 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

This Phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, parallel-group study is designed to evaluate the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of huMAb OX40L administered to patients by IV infusion for the treatment of allergen-induced asthma.

Effect of Virtual Care Given To Child Patients With Asthma On Disease Management And Quality

n=97 · NCT05500287 · COMPLETED · COMPLETED

The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of virtual care for children with asthma on the disease management and quality of life of children with asthma.